Understanding of Corruption

Etymologically, the word corruption comes from the Latin, namelycorruptus which is the adjective from the verb meaning corrumperedestroy (com has the meaning keseungguh-intensive or real, whilerumpere means damage or destroy. With the combination of thesewords, it can be a sense literally that corruption is an act to destroythat carried out intensively.


Indeed, there is so much understanding of corruption presented bythe experts. Huntington provides understanding of corruption as the behavior of public officials who deviate from the normsaccepted by society, and deviant behavior is addressed in order to satisfy personal interests. According to Drs. Kartini Kartono,corruption is the behavior of individuals who use the authority andposition in order to extract personal benefit, harm the public interest. Corruption is also often understood as the abuse of powerand trust for personal gain. However, corruption can also beunderstood as the behavior does not comply with the principle of "maintaining the distance". "Maintaining a distance" This intention is in taking a decision, both in the economic, political, and so on, problems and personal or family interests did not play a role. In addition, corruption can also be regarded as a representation oflow accountability of public bureaucracy

Amin Rais, divide types into four types of corruption. First,corruption ekstortif (extortive corruption), the corruption that refersto a situation where someone was forced to bribe in order to getsomething or get the protection of the rights and needs. For example, an entrepreneur with deliberately giving bribes to certainofficials in order to get a business license, the protection of thepenyogok business, which can move from thousands to billions ofdollars. Second, corruption manipulative (manipulative corruption),the corruption which refers to the person's dirty business toinfluence government policy making or decision in order to obtainmaximum benefit. For example, giving money to the regents,governors, ministers and so on for the rules created to benefitcertain parties who provide the money this Regulation generally todisturb public. Third, corruption nepotistik (nepotistic corruption),the preferential treatment given to the family: children, nephew or a close relative in every echelon officials. With the preferential treatment that the child, daughter, niece and wife of the officialsalso benefited. Fourth, corruption subversive (subversivecossuption), namely in the form of theft of state property by stateofficials with misusing the authority and powe